ABSTRACT
The transition toward sustainable agriculture has intensified debate over whether environmentally friendly or green farming practices enhance or constrain farmers’ income. While their environmental benefits are well established, evidence on income effects, particularly in developing-...
ABSTRACT
Geopolitical risks and military conflicts increasingly shape global food and energy systems, triggering ripple effects across agriculture, supply chains, and sustainability efforts. The Russia-Ukraine conflict and recent U.S.-Iran tensions have highlighted major disruptions to global...
ABSTRACT
Food-crop agricultural biomass in Indonesia is increasingly promoted as a renewable energy resource, often framed as abundant crop “waste” that can be converted. This paper explicitly focuses on crop residues from food-crop agriculture—such as rice, maize, and other staple crops—and...
ABSTRACT
Taiwan has enacted the “Climate Responsive Act” that explicitly incorporates the net-zero emissions goal by 2050 in January 2023. Since the energy sector accounts for 54 % of the total carbon emissions in Taiwan, it is vital to promote renewable energy as an alternative to fossil fuel...
